使用G2创建箱型图/How To Use G2 To Make Box Chart

in utopian-io •  7 years ago  (edited)

Summary:

G2 is a set of graphically-based graphical syntax that is data-driven and highly user-friendly and extensible, allowing users to build a wide variety of interactive statistics without having to worry about detailed implementation details chart.
G2 是一套基于可视化编码的图形语法，以数据驱动，具有高度的易用性和扩展性，用户无需关注各种繁琐的实现细节，一条语句即可构建出各种各样的可交互的统计图表。

您将从这个教程中学到什么

  • 如何引入js文件
  • 如何定义容器
  • 如何定义数据
  • 如何引用数据
  • 如何定义提示框
  • 如何渲染图表

学习此教程的必备条件

教程难度

  • 容易

教程内容

演示效果
demo.gif

1. 知识点A - 如何引入js文件

<script src="https://gw.alipayobjects.com/os/antv/assets/g2/3.0.4-beta.2/g2.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://gw.alipayobjects.com/os/antv/assets/data-set/0.8.3/data-set.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://gw.alipayobjects.com/os/antv/assets/lib/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>

使用内嵌script对js文件进行引入，用于后期图表使用。

2. 知识点B - 如何定义容器

<div id="boxchart"></div>

使用div定义容器，用于展示图表。容器名：boxchart。

3. 知识点C - 如何定义数据

  const data = [
    { x: 'Demo-A', xdiz: 1, xdx: 9, xzx: 16, xsx: 22, xdingz: 24 },
    { x: 'Demo-B', xdiz: 1, xdx: 5, xzx: 8, xsx: 12, xdingz: 16 },
    { x: 'Demo-C', xdiz: 1, xdx: 8, xzx: 12, xsx: 19, xdingz: 26 },
    { x: 'Demo-D', xdiz: 2, xdx: 8, xzx: 12, xsx: 21, xdingz: 28 },
    { x: 'Demo-E', xdiz: 1, xdx: 8, xzx: 14, xsx: 18, xdingz: 24 },
    { x: 'Demo-F', xdiz: 3, xdx: 10, xzx: 17, xsx: 28, xdingz: 30 },
    { x: 'Demo-G', xdiz: 1, xdx: 7, xzx: 10, xsx: 17, xdingz: 22 },
    { x: 'Demo-H', xdiz: 1, xdx: 6, xzx: 8, xsx: 13, xdingz: 16 }
  ];
  • const: 用于定义数组。
  • data：定义为数组名。
  • 格式：[x:'x轴值'， xdiz: y轴起点值, xdx:y轴箱底值， xzx:y轴箱中间值, xsx:y轴箱顶值, xdingz: y轴终点值 ]

4. 知识点D - 如何引用数据

  const dv = new DataView().source(data);
  dv.transform({
    type: 'map',
    callback: (obj) => {
      obj.range = [ obj.xdiz, obj.xdx, obj.xzx, obj.xsx, obj.xdingz ];
      return obj;
    }
  });
  const chart = new G2.Chart({
    container: 'boxchart',
    forceFit: true,
    height: window.innerHeight,
  });
  chart.source(dv, {
    range: {
      max: 35
    }
  });
  • obj.range：定义从数组中取值规则。
  • chart：创建一个chart实例，返回一个Chart对象，建议在单个容器上只初始化一个Chart实例。
  • container：定于数据从boxchart数组取值。
  • forceFit: 定义图表的宽度自适应开关，默认为 false，设置为 true 时表示自动取 dom（实例容器）的宽度。
  • height: 定义图表高度。
  • window.innerHeight: 获取页面可用高度。
  • source：定义为chart装载数据，返回chart对象。
  • range：输出数据的范围，默认[0, 1]，格式为 [min, max]，min 和 max 均为 0 至 1 范围的数据。

5. 知识点E - 如何定义提示框

  chart.tooltip({
    showTitle: false,
    crosshairs: {
      type: 'rect'
    },
    itemTpl: '<li data-index={index} style="margin-bottom:4px;">'
        + '<span style="background-color:{color};" class="g2-tooltip-marker"></span>'
        + '{name}<br/>'
        + '<span style="padding-left: 16px">最大值：{xdingz}</span><br/>'
        + '<span style="padding-left: 16px">上四分位数：{xsx}</span><br/>'
        + '<span style="padding-left: 16px">中位数：{xzx}</span><br/>'
        + '<span style="padding-left: 16px">下四分位数：{xdx}</span><br/>'
        + '<span style="padding-left: 16px">最小值：{xdiz}</span><br/>'
        + '</li>'
  });
  • tooltip：图表的tooltip配置，G2图表的tooltip使用html渲染。
  • crosshairs：是一个对象类型，用于设置 tooltip 的辅助线或者辅助框。
  • rect： 定义为矩形框

6. 知识点F - 如何渲染图表

  chart.schema().position('x*range')
  .shape('box')
  .tooltip('x*xdiz*xdx*xzx*xsx*xdingz', (x, xdiz, xdx, xzx, xsx, xdingz) => {
    return {
      name: x,
      xdiz,
      xdx,
      xzx,
      xsx,
      xdingz
    };
  })
  .style({
    stroke: '#545454',
    fill: '#1890FF',
    fillOpacity: 0.3
  });
  chart.render();
  • shape：将数据值映射到图形的形状上的方法。
  • position：将数据值映射到图形的位置上的方法。position 属性会对多个字段进行数据的映射。以chart.interval().position('xy') 为例，interval代表柱状图，即最后需要生成柱状图，而position代表位置，position('x*y')代表数据在图形中的位置由x和y这两个维度的变量决定，(x1,y1) 这样的数值对，最后就会被转换为画布上对应的坐标点。
  • tooltip：图表的tooltip配置，G2图表的tooltip使用html渲染。
  • stroke：定义线的颜色
  • fill：定义文本的颜色
  • render：用于将图表渲染至画布。

完整代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>基础箱型图</title>
</head>
<body>
<div id="boxchart"></div>
<script src="https://gw.alipayobjects.com/os/antv/assets/g2/3.0.4-beta.2/g2.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://gw.alipayobjects.com/os/antv/assets/data-set/0.8.3/data-set.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://gw.alipayobjects.com/os/antv/assets/lib/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>
<script>
  const { DataView } = DataSet;
  const data = [
    { x: 'Demo-A', xdiz: 1, xdx: 9, xzx: 16, xsx: 22, xdingz: 24 },
    { x: 'Demo-B', xdiz: 1, xdx: 5, xzx: 8, xsx: 12, xdingz: 16 },
    { x: 'Demo-C', xdiz: 1, xdx: 8, xzx: 12, xsx: 19, xdingz: 26 },
    { x: 'Demo-D', xdiz: 2, xdx: 8, xzx: 12, xsx: 21, xdingz: 28 },
    { x: 'Demo-E', xdiz: 1, xdx: 8, xzx: 14, xsx: 18, xdingz: 24 },
    { x: 'Demo-F', xdiz: 3, xdx: 10, xzx: 17, xsx: 28, xdingz: 30 },
    { x: 'Demo-G', xdiz: 1, xdx: 7, xzx: 10, xsx: 17, xdingz: 22 },
    { x: 'Demo-H', xdiz: 1, xdx: 6, xzx: 8, xsx: 13, xdingz: 16 }
  ];
  const dv = new DataView().source(data);
  dv.transform({
    type: 'map',
    callback: (obj) => {
      obj.range = [ obj.xdiz, obj.xdx, obj.xzx, obj.xsx, obj.xdingz ];
      return obj;
    }
  });
  const chart = new G2.Chart({
    container: 'boxchart',
    forceFit: true,
    height: window.innerHeight,
  });
  chart.source(dv, {
    range: {
      max: 35
    }
  });
  chart.tooltip({
    showTitle: false,
    crosshairs: {
      type: 'rect'
    },
    itemTpl: '<li data-index={index} style="margin-bottom:4px;">'
        + '<span style="background-color:{color};" class="g2-tooltip-marker"></span>'
        + '{name}<br/>'
        + '<span style="padding-left: 16px">最大值：{xdingz}</span><br/>'
        + '<span style="padding-left: 16px">上四分位数：{xsx}</span><br/>'
        + '<span style="padding-left: 16px">中位数：{xzx}</span><br/>'
        + '<span style="padding-left: 16px">下四分位数：{xdx}</span><br/>'
        + '<span style="padding-left: 16px">最小值：{xdiz}</span><br/>'
        + '</li>'
  });
  chart.schema().position('x*range')
  .shape('box')
  .tooltip('x*xdiz*xdx*xzx*xsx*xdingz', (x, xdiz, xdx, xzx, xsx, xdingz) => {
    return {
      name: x,
      xdiz,
      xdx,
      xzx,
      xsx,
      xdingz
    };
  })
  .style({
    stroke: '#545454',
    fill: '#1890FF',
    fillOpacity: 0.3
  });
  chart.render();
</script>
</body>
</html>

最终效果
demo.gif

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7 years ago by

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      ·  7 years ago 

    Thank you for the contribution. It has been approved.

    You can contact us on Discord.
    [utopian-moderator]

    Downvoting a post can decrease pending rewards and make it less visible. Common reasons:

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        ·  7 years ago 

      thank you very much~

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        [-]
          ·  7 years ago 

        Your contribution cannot be approved because it does not follow the Utopian Rules.

        This is the same as in https://antv.alipay.com/zh-cn/g2/3.x/demo/box/basic.html . You are taking the official examples and present them as yours.

        You can contact us on Discord.
        [utopian-moderator]

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